What are the differences between IC card and ID card

I Definition of IC card and ID card

The full name of IC card is integrated circuit card, also known as smart card Readable and writable, large capacity, encryption function, reliable data recording and more convenient to use, such as all-in-one card system, consumption system, etc. at present, there are mainly Mifare series cards of Philips

The full name of ID card is identification card. It is a non writable induction card with fixed number. It mainly includes EM format of Taiwan syris, American hid, Ti, Motorola and other ID cards

II Why do I need to encrypt the IC card instead of initializing it

1. When the IC card is used, it must pass the unique two-way key authentication between the IC card and the reading and writing equipment before relevant work can be carried out, so as to ensure the high security of the whole system Therefore, the factory IC card must be initialized (i.e. encrypted) in order to generate an unbreakable all-in-one card system key in the factory IC card, so as to ensure the safe distribution mechanism of the all-in-one card system

2. After the IC card is initialized and encrypted, when it is handed over to the user for use, the customer generates the private key of its own system through the IC card issuance system In this way, the user card issued in other user systems can not be used in the system, the specificity of the system is guaranteed, and the safe use mechanism of the system is guaranteed

3. Like the magnetic card, ID card only uses the "card number". In addition to the card number, there is no confidentiality function in the card. Its "card number" is open and exposed Therefore, ID card is an "inductive magnetic card", which means there is no need to initialize

4. Why not leave the initialization process to the user? This is because:

(1) If it is initialized by the user, it cannot prevent cheating by the internal personnel of the user Because when users use the all-in-one card system, if an employee initializes at will with the card bought by the society, they can issue the card as a resident card that can only be used by residents at will, and even recharge the card at will. This will not only cause serious consequences of cheating, but also lead to serious loopholes in the security of the all-in-one card system

(2) In addition, if the user buys a low-quality factory card and initializes it himself, but cannot use it on the system, the system will have poor performance or paralysis, which will lead to unclear responsibility for the accident

(3) The initialization process is implemented by the manufacturer, which is mainly the basic need of IC card security key authentication mechanism and the industry regulation of IC card system integrator Just like urban public transport IC cards, the key of each card must be encrypted before being handed over to the public transport system

(4) If the user loses the key card for initialization authorization due to lack of professional management, the user and manufacturer will not be able to replace the card Therefore, the initialization work is done by the manufacturer, and the hotel door card can be guaranteed

III Comparison between IC card system and ID card system

1. Security: the security of IC card is much greater than that of ID card The card number in the ID card has no authority to read and is easy to copy The reading and writing of the data recorded in the IC card need corresponding password authentication. Even each area in the card has different password protection to fully protect the data security. The password of the IC card writing data and the password of the reading data can be set to be different, providing a good hierarchical management mode to ensure the system security

2. Recordability: the ID card cannot write data, and its recorded content (card number) can only be written by the chip manufacturer at one time. The developer can only read out the card number and use it. It is impossible to formulate a new number management system according to the actual needs of the system The IC card can not only read a large amount of data by the authorized user, but also write a large amount of data by the authorized user (such as new card number, user authority, user data, etc.), and the contents recorded by the IC card can be erased repeatedly

3. Storage capacity: ID card only records the card number; The IC card (such as Philips Mifare1 card) can record about 1000 characters

4. Offline and online operation: since there is no content in the ID card, the authority of the card holder and the operation of the system function should completely depend on the support of the computer network platform database The IC card itself has recorded a large number of user related contents (card number, user data, authority, consumption balance and other information), which can completely run away from the computer platform, realize the operation mode of automatic conversion between networking and offline, and meet the needs of wide range use and less wiring

5. All in one card extended application: because the ID card has no record and no partition, it can only rely on the network software to process the information of each subsystem, which greatly increases the dependence on the network; If the user wants to add function points after the ID card system is completed, additional wiring is required, which not only increases the difficulty of engineering construction, but also increases unnecessary investment Therefore, using ID card to make the system is difficult to expand the system and realize the real one card The IC card storage area itself is divided into 16 partitions, each partition has different passwords and has independent management functions of multiple subsystems, such as access control in the first partition, consumption in the second partition, employee attendance in the third partition, etc The purpose of all-in-one card can be fully realized, and the fully modular design can be achieved. Even if users want to add function points, they do not need to wiring, but only need to add hardware and software modules, which is convenient for the upgrading and expansion of IC card system at any time in the future, realize stable upgrading and reduce repeated investment For example, a community has established an ID card system, but due to the above disadvantages of the ID card system, the system cannot be put into daily use, so the system can only be completely abolished and then changed to IC card system

6. Maintenance and operation of intelligent system: for example, if the computer issues a new user ID card and learns to make IC card, all ID card numbers must be manually downloaded to each ID card reader controller through the network of ID card system, otherwise the ID card will be regarded as invalid card and cannot be used; To change user permissions, enter the ID card number with permissions on each ID card controller Another example: after the system is put into use, it is often necessary to add an ID card. For each new card or the permission of a card is modified, the card number must be entered on all controllers available for the card, which increases the workload